Kuk, J. L., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Nichaman, M. Z., Church, T. S., Blair, S. N. and Ross, R. (2006), Visceral Fat Is an Independent Predictor of All-cause Mortality in Men. Obesity, 14: 336–341.
Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010. JAMA. 2012;307(5):491–497.
A. A. Yassin and G. Doros. Testosterone therapy in hypogonadal men results in sustained and clinically meaningful weight loss. Clinical Obesity Volume 3, Issue 3-4, pages 73–83, June-August 2013. Article first published online: 19 JUN 2013.
Michael Zitzmann - Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University of Münster, Münster D-48129, Germany. Effects of testosterone replacement and its pharmacogenetics on physical performance and metabolism.
Isidori AM, Giannetta E, Greco EA, Gianfrilli D, Bonifacio V, Isidori A, Lenzi A, Fabbri A. Effects of testosterone on body composition, bone metabolism and serum lipid profile in middle-aged men: a meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Sep;63(3):280-93.
Griggs RC, Kingston W, Jozefozicz RF, Herr BE, Forbes G, Halliday D. Effects of Testosterone on muscle mass and muscle protein synthesis. Journal of Applied Physiology (1985). Jan;66(1):498-503.
Rona, RJ. Agreement between body mass index, waist circumference and skin-fold thickness in the United Kingdom Army. Annals of Human Biology, Amy-June 2011; 38(3):257-264
Niskanen L, Laaksonen DE, Punnonen K, Mustajoki P, Kaukua J, Rissanen A. Changes in sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone during weight loss and weight maintenance in abdominally obese men with the metabolic syndrome. Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2004 May;6(3):208-15.
Thomas G. Travison, Andre B. Araujo, Amy B. O'Donnell, Varant Kupelian, and John B. McKinlay. A Population-Level Decline in Serum Testosterone Levels in American Men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 92(1):196 –202.
Andre B. Araujo, Julia M. Dixon, Elizabeth A. Suarez, M. Hassan Murad, Lin T. Guey, and Gary A. Wittert. Endogenous Testosterone and Mortality in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Volume 96 Issue 10 - October 1, 2011.
Susan A. Hall, Gretchen R. Esche, Andre B. Araujo, Thomas G. Travison, Richard V. Clark, Rachel E. Williams, and John B. McKinlay. Correlates of Low Testosterone and Symptomatic Androgen Deficiency in a Population-Based Sample. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Oct 2008; 93(10): 3870–3877. Published online Jul 9, 2008.
Garnett SP. Waist-to-height ratio: a simple option for determining excess central adiposity in young people. International Journal of Obesity 32(2008): 1028-1030
McCreary DR, Karvinen K, Davis C. The relationship between the drive for muscularity and anthropometric measures of muscularity and adiposity. Body Image. 2006 Jun;3(2):145-52.
Fui MN . Lowered testosterone in male obesity: mechanisms, morbidity and management. Asian J Androl. 2014 Mar-Apr;16(2):223-31
Prado CM Body composition phenotypes and obesity paradox. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2015 Nov;18(6):535-51.
Lavender JM Mindfulness, body image, and drive for muscularity in men. Body Image. 2012 Mar;9(2):289-92.
Traish AM. Adverse health effects of testosterone deficiency (TD) in men. Steroids. 2014 Oct;88:106-16
Serrano SE, Braun J, Trasande L, Dills R, Sathyanarayana S. Phthalates and diet: a review of the food monitoring and epidemiology data. Environ Health. 2014 Jun 2;13(1):43.
Habito RC, Montalto J, Leslie E, Ball MJ (2000) Effects of replacing meat with soyabean in the diet on sex hormone concentrations in healthy adult males. Br J Nutr 84:557–563.
Rochester JR. Bisphenol A and human health: a review of the literature. Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Dec;42:132-55.
Specht IO, Toft G, Hougaard KS, Lindh CH, Lenters V, Jönsson BA, Heederik D, Giwercman A, Bonde JP. Associations between serum phthalates and biomarkers of reproductive function in 589 adult men. Environ Int. 2014 May;66:146-56.
Caronia LM, Dwyer AA, Hayden D, Amati F, Pitteloud N, Hayes FJ. Abrupt Decrease in Serum Testosterone Levels After an Oral Glucose Load in Men: Implications for Screening for Hypogonadism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013 Feb;78(2):291-6
Hämäläinen E, Adlercreutz H, Puska P, Pietinen P. Diet and serum sex hormones in healthy men. J Steroid Biochem. 1984 Jan;20(1):459-64.
Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of urinary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in humans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.
Derby CA. Body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio and change in sex steroid hormones: the Massachusetts Male Ageing Study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Jul;65(1):125-31.
Allan CA. Waist-to-height ratio as a predictor of serum testosterone in ageing men with symptoms of androgen deficiency. Asian J Androl. 2011 May;13(3):424-31.
Beth A Mohr, Shalender Bhasin, Carol L Link, Amy B O'Donnell and John B McKinlay. The effect of changes in adiposity on testosterone levels in older men: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. European Journal of Endocrinology (2006) 155 443–452
Carla Pelusi, Renato Pasquali. The Significance of Low Testosterone Levels in Obese Men. Current Obesity Reports December 2012, Volume 1, Issue 4, pp 181-190.
Hormonal control of regional fat distribution. Per Bjorntorp. Department of Heart and Lung Diseases, Sahlgren's Hospital, University of Goteborg,. S-413 45 Goteborg, Sweden.
Dr. Shalender Bhasin, Div. of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine Science, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90059. Effects of Testosterone Administration on Fat Distribution, Insulin Sensitivity and Atherosclerosis Progression. Oxford Journals Medicine Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 37, Issue Supplement 2Pp. S142-S149
Pasquali R1, Casimirri F, De Iasio R, Mesini P, Boschi S, Chierici R, Flamia R, Biscotti M, Vicennati V. Insulin regulates testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in adult normal weight and obese men. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1995 Feb;80(2):654-8.
Wankhede S et al. Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery: a randomized controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015 Nov 25;12:43. doi: 10.1186/s12970-015-0104-9. eCollection 2015.
Eng, E et al. Suppression of Estrogen Biosynthesis by Procyanidin Dimers in Red Wine and Grape Seeds. Cancer Research. 2003 Dec; 63:8516-8522.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;963:239-46. Anti-aromatase chemicals in red wine. Eng ET1, Williams D, Mandava U, Kirma N, Tekmal RR, Chen S
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2001 May;67(2):133-46. Suppression of aromatase (estrogen synthetase) by red wine phytochemicals. Eng ET1, Williams D, Mandava U, Kirma N, Tekmal RR, Chen S.
Qureshi A et al. A Systematic Review on the Herbal Extract Tribulus terrestris and the Roots of its Putative Aphrodisiac and Performance Enhancing Effect. J Diet Suppl. 2014 Mar;11(1):64-79. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2014.887602.